The A13-65 is a general-purpose stimulator designed to serve a very wide variety of applications. It is suitable for uses ranging from stimulation via microelectrodes, implanted and cutaneous electrodes to tissue and organ baths. It may be used for lesioning or histological marking. It is indicated as an aversive shock stimulator in behavioral designs for escape/avoidance, CER (conditioned emotional response) response suppression, and other procedures. It is especially useful with large subjects requiring higher currents or for low time-density (pulse width) relationships. Precise feedback regulation and timing also make it ideal for iontophoresis.

The instrument is capable of monophasic or biphasic (polarity reversal) stimulation with a constant current (feedback regulated) or constant voltage (feedback regulated) output. It is totally isolated from line voltage by means of a shielded transformer and all inputs are optically isolated. The stimulus synthesis section is additionally isolated from the output and subject by an isolated power supply. The monitor output is also fully isolated from the oscilloscope.

The stimulus protocol (timing, amplitude, and pulse relationships of the actual electrical stimulus output) may be programmed on the keypad on the front of the instrument; or it may be programmed on a computer and downloaded to the stimulator via its LabLinc port. Programming is simple; the user is led through the setup of a protocol by a series of prompts on the front panel display. Simple yes/no responses or the entry of numeric values for time and amplitude are all that are required. The unit can store up to 255 stimulus protocols which can be recalled by a keypad entry or by an on-line computer for instantaneous protocol change while running an experiment. 

The unit may be controlled by our Graphic State Notation behavioral software, and any of its stored protocols may be executed with the same ease as any auditory or visual stimulus in the environment.